This page was exported from IT Certification Exam Braindumps [ http://blog.braindumpsit.com ] Export date:Sat Apr 12 14:44:12 2025 / +0000 GMT ___________________________________________________ Title: Oct-2024 Pass CompTIA PT0-003 Exam in First Attempt Easily [Q15-Q36] --------------------------------------------------- Oct-2024 Pass CompTIA PT0-003 Exam in First Attempt Easily Free PT0-003 Exam Files Downloaded Instantly 100% Dumps & Practice Exam NO.15 Penetration tester has discovered an unknown Linux 64-bit executable binary. Which of the following tools would be BEST to use to analyze this issue?  Peach  WinDbg  GDB  OllyDbg OLLYDBG, WinDBG, and IDA are all debugging tools that support Windows environments. GDB is a Linuxspecific debugging tool.GDB is a tool that can be used to analyze and debug executable binaries, especially on Linux systems. GDB can disassemble, decompile, set breakpoints, examine memory, modify registers, and perform other operations on binaries. GDB can help a penetration tester understand the functionality, behavior, and vulnerabilities of an unknown binary. Peach is a tool that can be used to perform fuzzing, which is a technique of sending malformed or random data to a target to trigger errors or crashes. WinDbg and OllyDbg are tools that can be used to analyze and debug executable binaries, but they are mainly designed for Windows systems.NO.16 A penetration tester discovers evidence of an advanced persistent threat on the network that is being tested. Which of the following should the tester do next?  Report the finding.  Analyze the finding.  Remove the threat.  Document the finding and continue testing. Upon discovering evidence of an advanced persistent threat (APT) on the network, the penetration tester should report the finding immediately.Advanced Persistent Threat (APT):Definition: APTs are prolonged and targeted cyberattacks in which an intruder gains access to a network and remains undetected for an extended period.Significance: APTs often involve sophisticated tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) aimed at stealing data or causing disruption.Immediate Reporting:Criticality: Discovering an APT requires immediate attention from the organization’s security team due to the potential impact and persistence of the threat.Chain of Command: Following the protocol for reporting such findings ensures that appropriate incident response measures are initiated promptly.Other Actions:Analyzing the Finding: While analysis is important, it should be conducted by the incident response team after reporting.Removing the Threat: This action should be taken by the organization’s security team following established incident response procedures.Documenting and Continuing Testing: Documentation is crucial, but the immediate priority should be reporting the APT to ensure prompt action.Pentest Reference:Incident Response: Understanding the importance of immediate reporting and collaboration with the organization’s security team upon discovering critical threats like APTs.Ethical Responsibility: Following ethical guidelines and protocols to ensure the organization can respond effectively to significant threats.By reporting the finding immediately, the penetration tester ensures that the organization’s security team is alerted to the presence of an APT, allowing them to initiate an appropriate incident response.NO.17 A penetration tester uncovers access keys within an organization’s source code management solution. Which of the following would BEST address the issue? (Choose two.)  Setting up a secret management solution for all items in the source code management system  Implementing role-based access control on the source code management system  Configuring multifactor authentication on the source code management system  Leveraging a solution to scan for other similar instances in the source code management system  Developing a secure software development life cycle process for committing code to the source code management system  Creating a trigger that will prevent developers from including passwords in the source code management system Access keys are credentials that allow users to authenticate and authorize requests to a source code management (SCM) system, such as GitLab or AWS. Access keys should be kept secret and not exposed in plain text within the source code, as this can compromise the security and integrity of the SCM system and its data.Some possible options for addressing the issue of access keys within an organization’s SCM solution are:Setting up a secret management solution for all items in the SCM system: This is a tool or service that securely stores, manages, and distributes secrets such as access keys, passwords, tokens, certificates, etc. A secret management solution can help prevent secrets from being exposed in plain text within the source code or configuration files3456.Developing a secure software development life cycle (SDLC) process for committing code to the SCM system: This is a framework or methodology that defines how software is developed, tested, deployed, and maintained. A secure SDLC process can help ensure that best practices for security are followed throughout the software development process, such as code reviews, static analysis tools, vulnerability scanning tools, etc. A secure SDLC process can help detect and prevent access keys from being included in the source code before they are committed to the SCM system1.NO.18 A penetration tester noticed that an employee was using a wireless headset with a smartphone. Which of the following methods would be best to use to intercept the communications?  Multiplexing  Bluejacking  Zero-day attack  Smurf attack To intercept the communications between an employee’s wireless headset and smartphone, the penetration tester would likely use “Bluejacking” (B). Bluejacking involves sending unsolicited messages to Bluetooth-enabled devices, but in the context of penetration testing and security, it can also encompass techniques for intercepting or hijacking Bluetooth connections. This could allow the tester to eavesdrop on communications or even take control of the headset.NO.19 During an assessment, a penetration tester was able to access the organization’s wireless network from outside of the building using a laptop running Aircrack-ng. Which of the following should be recommended to the client to remediate this issue?  Changing to Wi-Fi equipment that supports strong encryption  Using directional antennae  Using WEP encryption  Disabling Wi-Fi If a penetration tester was able to access the organization’s wireless network from outside of the building using Aircrack-ng, then it means that the wireless network was not secured with strong encryption or authentication methods. Aircrack-ng is a tool that can crack weak wireless encryption schemes such as WEP or WPA-PSK using various techniques such as packet capture, injection, replay, and brute force. To remediate this issue, the client should change to Wi-Fi equipment that supports strong encryption such as WPA2 or WPA3, which are more resistant to cracking attacks. Using directional antennae may reduce the signal range of the wireless network, but it would not prevent an attacker who is within range from cracking the encryption. Using WEP encryption is not a good recommendation, as WEP is known to be insecure and vulnerable to Aircrack-ng attacks. Disabling Wi-Fi may eliminate the risk of wireless attacks, but it would also eliminate the benefits of wireless connectivity for the organization.NO.20 A company recruited a penetration tester to configure wireless IDS over the network. Which of the following tools would BEST test the effectiveness of the wireless IDS solutions?  Aircrack-ng  Wireshark  Wifite  Kismet Aircrack-ng is a suite of tools that allows the penetration tester to test the effectiveness of the wireless IDS solutions by performing various attacks on wireless networks, such as cracking WEP and WPA keys, capturing and injecting packets, deauthenticating clients, or creating fake access points. Aircrack-ng can also generate different types of traffic and signatures that can trigger the wireless IDS alerts or responses, such as ARP requests, EAPOL frames, or beacon frames.Reference: https://purplesec.us/perform-wireless-penetration-test/NO.21 A penetration tester joins the assessment team in the middle of the assessment. The client has asked the team, both verbally and in the scoping document, not to test the production networks. However, the new tester is not aware of this request and proceeds to perform exploits in the production environment. Which of the following would have MOST effectively prevented this misunderstanding?  Prohibiting exploitation in the production environment  Requiring all testers to review the scoping document carefully  Never assessing the production networks  Prohibiting testers from joining the team during the assessment The scoping document is a document that defines the objectives, scope, limitations, deliverables, and expectations of a penetration testing engagement. It is an essential document that guides the penetration testing process and ensures that both the tester and the client agree on the terms and conditions of the test.Requiring all testers to review the scoping document carefully would have most effectively prevented this misunderstanding, as it would have informed the new tester about the client’s request not to test the production networks. The other options are not effective or realistic ways to prevent this misunderstanding.NO.22 An exploit developer is coding a script that submits a very large number of small requests to a web server until the server is compromised. The script must examine each response received and compare the data to a large number of strings to determine which data to submit next. Which of the following data structures should the exploit developer use to make the string comparison and determination as efficient as possible?  A list  A tree  A dictionary  An array data structures are used to store data in an organized form, and some data structures are more efficient and suitable for certain operations than others. For example, hash tables, skip lists and jump lists are some dictionary data structures that can insert and access elements efficiently3.For string comparison, there are different algorithms that can measure how similar two strings are, such as Levenshtein distance, Hamming distance or Jaccard similarity4. Some of these algorithms can be implemented using data structures such as arrays or hashtables5.NO.23 A company hired a penetration tester to do a social-engineering test against its employees. Although the tester did not find any employees’ phone numbers on the company’s website, the tester has learned the complete phone catalog was published there a few months ago.In which of the following places should the penetration tester look FIRST for the employees’ numbers?  Web archive  GitHub  File metadata  Underground forums NO.24 During a security assessment, a penetration tester needs to exploit a vulnerability in a wireless network’s authentication mechanism to gain unauthorized access to the network. Which of the following attacks would the tester most likely perform to gain access?  KARMA attack  Beacon flooding  MAC address spoofing  Eavesdropping MAC address spoofing involves changing the MAC address of a network interface to mimic another device on the network. This technique is often used to bypass network access controls and gain unauthorized access to a network.Step-by-Step ExplanationUnderstanding MAC Address Spoofing:MAC Address: A unique identifier assigned to network interfaces for communication on the physical network segment.Spoofing: Changing the MAC address to a different one, typically that of an authorized device, to gain access to restricted networks.Purpose:Bypassing Access Controls: Gain access to networks that use MAC address filtering as a security measure.Impersonation: Assume the identity of another device on the network to intercept traffic or access network resources.Tools and Techniques:Linux Command: Use the ifconfig or ip command to change the MAC address.ifconfig eth0 hw ether 00:11:22:33:44:55Tools: Tools like macchanger can automate the process of changing MAC addresses.Impact:Network Access: Gain unauthorized access to networks and network resources.Interception: Capture traffic intended for another device, potentially leading to data theft or further exploitation.Detection and Mitigation:Monitoring: Use network monitoring tools to detect changes in MAC addresses.Secure Configuration: Implement port security on switches to restrict which MAC addresses can connect to specific ports.Reference from Pentesting Literature:MAC address spoofing is a common technique discussed in wireless and network security chapters of penetration testing guides.HTB write-ups often include examples of using MAC address spoofing to bypass network access controls and gain unauthorized access.Reference:Penetration Testing – A Hands-on Introduction to HackingHTB Official WriteupsTop of FormBottom of FormNO.25 Which of the following commands will allow a penetration tester to permit a shell script to be executed by the file owner?  chmod u+x script.sh  chmod u+e script.sh  chmod o+e script.sh  chmod o+x script.sh Reference: https://newbedev.com/chmod-u-x-versus-chmod-xNO.26 Which of the following is the MOST important information to have on a penetration testing report that is written for the developers?  Executive summary  Remediation  Methodology  Metrics and measures The most important information to have on a penetration testing report that is written for the developers is remediation. Remediation is the process of fixing or mitigating the vulnerabilities or issues that were discovered during the penetration testing. Remediation should include specific recommendations, best practices, and resources to help the developers improve the security of their applications4.NO.27 A penetration tester will be performing a vulnerability scan as part of the penetration test on a client’s website. The tester plans to run several Nmap scripts that probe for vulnerabilities while avoiding detection.Which of the following Nmap options will the penetration tester MOST likely utilize?  -8 -T0  –script “http*vuln*”  -sn  -O -A Nmap is a tool that can perform network scanning and enumeration by sending packets to hosts and analyzing their responses. The command Nmap -p 445 -n -T4 –open 172.21.0.0/16 would scan for SMB port445 over a /16 network with the following options:-p 445 specifies the port number to scan.-n disables DNS resolution, which can speed up the scan by avoiding unnecessary queries.-T4 sets the timing template to aggressive, which increases the speed of the scan by sending packets faster and waiting less for responses.-open only shows hosts that have open ports, which can reduce the output and focus on relevant results. The other commands are not optimal for scanning SMB port 445 over a /16 network when stealth is not a concern and the task is time sensitive.NO.28 SIMULATIONUsing the output, identify potential attack vectors that should be further investigated. See explanation belowExplanation:1: Null session enumerationWeak SMB file permissionsFragmentation attack2: nmap-sV-p 1-1023192.168.2.23: #!/usr/bin/pythonexport $PORTS = 21,22for $PORT in $PORTS:try:s.connect((ip, port))print(“%s:%s – OPEN” % (ip, port))except socket.timeoutprint(“%:%s – TIMEOUT” % (ip, port))except socket.error as e:print(“%:%s – CLOSED” % (ip, port))finallys.close()port_scan(sys.argv[1], ports)NO.29 A penetration tester is testing a company’s public API and discovers that specific input allows the execution of arbitrary commands on the base operating system. Which of the following actions should the penetration tester take next?  Include the findings in the final report.  Notify the client immediately.  Document which commands can be executed.  Use this feature to further compromise the server. The Nmap command uses the Xmas scan technique, which sends packets with the FIN, PSH, and URG flags set. This is an attempt to bypass firewall rules and elicit a response from open ports. However, if the target responds with an RST packet, it means that the port is closed. Open ports will either ignore the Xmas scan packets or send back an ACK packet. Therefore, the information most likely indicates that all of the ports in the target range are closed. References: [Nmap Scan Types], [Nmap Port Scanning Techniques], [CompTIA PenTest+ Study Guide: Exam PT0-002, Chapter 4: Conducting Passive Reconnaissance, page 127]NO.30 A penetration tester gains initial access to a target system by exploiting a recent RCE vulnerability. The patch for the vulnerability will be deployed at the end of the week. Which of the following utilities would allow the tester to reenter the system remotely after the patch has been deployed? (Select two).  schtasks.exe  rundll.exe  cmd.exe  chgusr.exe  sc.exe  netsh.exe To reenter the system remotely after the patch for the recently exploited RCE vulnerability has been deployed, the penetration tester can use schtasks.exe and sc.exe.schtasks.exe:Purpose: Used to create, delete, and manage scheduled tasks on Windows systems.Persistence: By creating a scheduled task, the tester can ensure a script or program runs at a specified time, providing a persistent backdoor.Example:schtasks /create /tn “Backdoor” /tr “C:pathtobackdoor.exe” /sc daily /ru SYSTEM sc.exe:Purpose: Service Control Manager command-line tool used to manage Windows services.Persistence: By creating or modifying a service to run a malicious executable, the tester can maintain persistent access.Example:sc create backdoor binPath= “C:pathtobackdoor.exe” start= autoOther Utilities:rundll.exe: Used to run DLLs as applications, not typically used for persistence.cmd.exe: General command prompt, not specifically used for creating persistence mechanisms.chgusr.exe: Used to change install mode for Remote Desktop Session Host, not relevant for persistence.netsh.exe: Used for network configuration, not typically used for persistence.Pentest Reference:Post-Exploitation: Establishing persistence is crucial to maintaining access after initial exploitation.Windows Tools: Understanding how to leverage built-in Windows tools like schtasks.exe and sc.exe to create backdoors that persist through reboots and patches.By using schtasks.exe and sc.exe, the penetration tester can set up persistent mechanisms that will allow reentry into the system even after the patch is applied.NO.31 After successfully compromising a remote host, a security consultant notices an endpoint protection software is running on the host. Which of the following commands would be best for the consultant to use to terminate the protection software and its child processes?  taskkill /PID <PID> /T /F  taskkill /PID <PID> /IM /F  taskkill /PID <PID> /S /U  taskkill /PID <PID> /F /P The taskkill command is used in Windows to terminate tasks by process ID (PID) or image name (IM). The correct command to terminate a specified process and any child processes which were started by it uses the/T flag, and the /F flag is used to force terminate the process. Therefore, taskkill /PID <PID> /T /F is the correct syntax to terminate the endpoint protection software and its child processes.The other options listed are either incorrect syntax or do not accomplish the task of terminating the child processes:*/IM specifies the image name but is not necessary when using /PID.*/S specifies the remote system to connect to and /U specifies the user context under which the command should execute, neither of which are relevant to terminating processes.*There is no /P flag in the taskkill command.NO.32 A client wants a security assessment company to perform a penetration test against its hot site. The purpose of the test is to determine the effectiveness of the defenses that protect against disruptions to business continuity. Which of the following is the MOST important action to take before starting this type of assessment?  Ensure the client has signed the SOW.  Verify the client has granted network access to the hot site.  Determine if the failover environment relies on resources not owned by the client.  Establish communication and escalation procedures with the client. The statement of work (SOW) is a document that defines the scope, objectives, deliverables, and timeline of a penetration testing engagement. It is important to have the client sign the SOW before starting the assessment to avoid any legal or contractual issues.NO.33 A penetration tester is able to use a command injection vulnerability in a web application to get a reverse shell on a system After running a few commands, the tester runs the following:python -c ‘import pty; pty.spawn(“/bin/bash”)’Which of the following actions Is the penetration tester performing?  Privilege escalation  Upgrading the shell  Writing a script for persistence  Building a bind shell The penetration tester is performing an action called upgrading the shell, which means improving the functionality and interactivity of the shell. By running the python command, the penetration tester is spawning a new bash shell that has features such as tab completion, command history, and job control. This can help the penetration tester to execute commands more easily and efficiently.NO.34 A penetration tester is reviewing the following SOW prior to engaging with a client:“Network diagrams, logical and physical asset inventory, and employees’ names are to be treated as client confidential. Upon completion of the engagement, the penetration tester will submit findings to the client’s Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) via encrypted protocols and subsequently dispose of all findings by erasing them in a secure manner.” Based on the information in the SOW, which of the following behaviors would be considered unethical?(Choose two.)  Utilizing proprietary penetration-testing tools that are not available to the public or to the client for auditing and inspection  Utilizing public-key cryptography to ensure findings are delivered to the CISO upon completion of the engagement  Failing to share with the client critical vulnerabilities that exist within the client architecture to appease the client’s senior leadership team  Seeking help with the engagement in underground hacker forums by sharing the client’s public IP address  Using a software-based erase tool to wipe the client’s findings from the penetration tester’s laptop  Retaining the SOW within the penetration tester’s company for future use so the sales team can plan future engagements These two behaviors would be considered unethical because they violate the principles of honesty, integrity, and confidentiality that penetration testers should adhere to. Failing to share critical vulnerabilities with the client would be dishonest and unprofessional, as it would compromise the quality and value of the assessment and potentially expose the client to greater risks. Seeking help in underground hacker forums by sharing the client’s public IP address would be a breach of confidentiality and trust, as it would expose the client’s identity and information to malicious actors who may exploit them.NO.35 A penetration testing firm performs an assessment every six months for the same customer. While performing network scanning for the latest assessment, the penetration tester observes that several of the target hosts appear to be residential connections associated with a major television and ISP in the area. Which of the following is the most likely reason for the observation?  The penetration tester misconfigured the network scanner.  The network scanning tooling is not functioning properly.  The IP ranges changed ownership.  The network scanning activity is being blocked by a firewall. When a penetration tester notices several target hosts appearing to be residential connections associated with a major television and ISP, it’s likely that the IP ranges initially assigned to the target organization have changed ownership and are now allocated to the ISP for residential use. This can happen due to reallocation of IP addresses by regional internet registries. Misconfiguration of the scanner (option A), malfunctioning of scanning tools (option B), or firewall blocking (option D) would not typically result in the discovery of residential connections in place of expected organizational targets.NO.36 In a cloud environment, a security team discovers that an attacker accessed confidential information that was used to configure virtual machines during their initialization. Through which of the following features could this information have been accessed?  IAM  Block storage  Virtual private cloud  Metadata services Metadata services in cloud environments provide information about the configuration and instance details, including sensitive data used during the initialization of virtual machines. Attackers can access this information to exploit and gain unauthorized access.Step-by-Step ExplanationUnderstanding Metadata Services:Purpose: Metadata services provide instance-specific information, such as instance IDs, public keys, and other configuration details.Access: Typically accessible via a special IP address (e.g., 169.254.169.254 in AWS) from within the instance.Common Information Exposed:Instance Metadata: Details about the instance, such as instance ID, hostname, and network configurations.User Data: Scripts and configuration data used for instance initialization, which might contain sensitive information.IAM Role Credentials: Temporary security credentials for IAM roles attached to the instance, potentially leading to privilege escalation.Security Risks:Unauthorized Access: Attackers can exploit exposed metadata to gain sensitive information and credentials.Privilege Escalation: Accessing IAM role credentials can allow attackers to perform actions with elevated privileges.Best Practices:Restrict Access: Implement access controls to limit access to metadata services.Use IAM Roles Carefully: Ensure that IAM roles provide the minimum necessary privileges.Monitor Access: Regularly monitor access to metadata services to detect and respond to unauthorized access.Reference from Pentesting Literature:Penetration testing guides discuss the importance of securing metadata services and the risks associated with their exposure.HTB write-ups often highlight the exploitation of metadata services to gain access to sensitive information in cloud environments.Reference:Penetration Testing – A Hands-on Introduction to HackingHTB Official Writeups Loading … Free Exam Updates PT0-003 dumps with test Engine Practice: https://www.braindumpsit.com/PT0-003_real-exam.html --------------------------------------------------- Images: https://blog.braindumpsit.com/wp-content/plugins/watu/loading.gif https://blog.braindumpsit.com/wp-content/plugins/watu/loading.gif --------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------- Post date: 2024-10-13 12:38:05 Post date GMT: 2024-10-13 12:38:05 Post modified date: 2024-10-13 12:38:05 Post modified date GMT: 2024-10-13 12:38:05